Ultralight bicycle touring

Introduction

2010-04-23T04:56:00.000-07:00

Here's an ultralight cycling setup that could get you right across the world:

The picture was taken in august 2006 at 4200 m altitude in Indian Himalaya. Fancy it? If yes, please read on. However, if this doesn't seem "self-sufficient" enough for you, you can stop reading and go directly to fullyloaded.

Practically all touring cyclists seem to be weight conscious, both those who cannot survive without 40 kg of luggage, as others, who don't carry much more then a credit card.

In my case, the philosophy behind the light weight style was inspired by frequent breakages of spokes on rear wheel. This happened on second hand bikes of questionable quality, but the idea of weight reduction survived up to today when broken spokes became a very distant, unpleasant memory. I am religiously convinced - which means without evidence - that little weight reduces the number of mechanical problems, decreases energy requirements and fatigue and increases average speed, distance and enjoyment of cycling. It probably decreases off-bike comfort, but it is not me who will point out the disadvantages.

Earlier I wrote some thoughts about weight saving on one cycling forum. Then I made a web page which grew bigger and bigger and eventually got worldwide attention. It's now time to put it in proper format here. The content you will find here is written in sincere and true intention, but although people usually think I am cracked and extremist, I don't take this whole lightweight buisesness too seriously. I'd never let it interfere with the joy of pure cycling. Fortunately, I don't have to: light-weight and cycling stick perfectly together.

Last updates: See the list of updates in the "Updates" page.

Quick overview

2010-04-23T04:37:00.000-07:00

For the impatient ones, here is a summary of my current cycling set-up.

I have an entry-level road bike (weighing a bit less than 10 kg), which has eyelets for rear rack. Tyres are rather narrow, 25-622 to 30-622.
I use ordinary pedals and light sport shoes (no clipless shoes/pedals nor clips&straps), no second footware.
I don't use cooking equipment.
I don't use panniers.
I carry my stuff in stuff bag on the rear rack and in a little bag (a converted saddle bag) on the handlebar.
I use light single-skin tent (900 g) and down sleeping bag (600g or 900g, depending on the trip).
My sleeping pad is a bubble-wrap strip, which I also use as wrapping material to make my stuff bag waterproof.
Tools: 4,5&6 mm allen keys, pedal spanner (cut in half), 8/10 mm spanner, screwdriver, chain tool, spoke key, pump, tyre levers, (sometimes hypercracker). Separate tools are lighter then multitools.
Spares: patch kit, 1 or 2 tubes, (sometimes spare tyre), oil, duct tape, (sometimes spare spokes).
I don't carry (guide)books.
I stopped using maps. I now navigate by a small distance/directions card which I make before the trip.
I have a compact ultrazoom digital camera, battery charger with shortened power cable and universal plug-ins.
I use ordinary 1L or 1.5L plastic water bottles instead of cycling bidons, using ordinary (now carbon-fiber) bottle cages.
I don't carry food, except some emergency food in extreme cases. I eat cold food bought in supermarkets (in western-type countries) or eat at cheap restaurants and markets in other countries.
Toiletries: tooth brush and plastic dispensable razor (cut in half). Sometimes even tooth paste.
I wear: cycling cap, gloves, jersey, shorts, arm warmers, light wind/rain shell, light sport shoes, light socks, (sometimes nylon stockings).
Additional clothes (in the stuff bag/handlebar bag): light hiking trousers, light fleece top, beanie, spare socks, warm gloves, rain shell gloves, underwear, rain pants, overshoes.
My touring weight (including everything except the bike, water and food, ie. also shoes, rack, ...) for a camping tour is from 5.5 kg to 7 kg, depending mostly on what kind of weather I expect. That can be reduced by about 300 g by using frame bags instead of rack, but for now I prefer the way I do it - it looks more elegant to me.
Once you reduce the weight below 8 kg it is the volume and elegance that matters, not the weight.

Kuiseb pass, Namibia, 2010.

Big things first

2010-04-22T05:37:00.000-07:00

A common mistake that we all make as newcomers to ultralight cycling is to start with cutting the handle of a tooth brush. The prospective ultralighter, on the contrary, should start with thinking big. There are 7 big ones (in terms of weight or volume) which you should consider first:

bicycle,
tent,
sleeping bag,
sleeping pad,
cooking equipment,
carriers
and - last but definitely not least - clothes.

Bicycle. "Touring bicycle" is a term that was coined to accommodate the growing trend of cycling tourers which took too much stuff. The philosophy of a touring bicycle - take as much stuff as you want and we will build a bicycle that can handle that weight on any kind of roads - is just the opposite to the philosophy of an ultralighter. You can cycle-tour on rough terrain using very light bikes (for example less then 10 kg) if you can control your total luggage weight (all things except the bicycle) below 9 or 10 kg. I can't give you much advice on particular bikes, because I think there is no advice: any bike that can reliably carry your body weight should be able to carry the additional weight of ultralight luggage. OK, I might give you just one hint: a very light bike should be ridden more delicately - it is not a tank and you can't treat is as one.

Tent. The tent should not be heavier than 1500 grams. There are good tents weighing less than 1 kg. You don't need much tent space since you won't have a lot of luggage, so you can leave the tents with big vestibules, sheltered entrances, over-engineered guy lines etc. to your loaded comrades. I am personally quite happy with the single wall tents. There might be some minor problems with leakage and condensation, but these are rare occasions and not too hard to deal with. Your tent won't stay up in a tornado and you won't stay completely dry after 12 hours of tropical rain, but you probably wouldn't even if you had a 4-season tent. Extreme cases are better dealt with extreme measures - by taking shelter under a roof for example.

Sleeping bag. Down sleeping bags are the way to go. They are warm, light and can be packed to small volume. 1 kg is a good starting estimate for a down bag for sleeping temperatures to -5 C, and extremes to -10 C with your warm clothes on.

Sleeping pads. As a final step in the evolution of my sleeping kit I now have a body-sized strip of bubble-wrap as a sleeping pad (less than 100 grams). This might look too extreme, but I really don't remember being any more comfortable on a 5 mm foam pad that I had previously. As a great example of multiple use, the bubble wrap serves me also as a wrapping material to provide structure and waterproofness for my rear stuff bag. The bubbles don't pop or flatten that easily. You can have the same strip for 50++ nights. And by the time the bubbles flatten you will be trained - in the manner of great Asian martial artists - to sleep on hard packed ground without anything beneath.

Cooking. No cooking utensils. I can survive on cold, dry food for a couple of days until I get to the restaurant or some other form of eatery. If the restaurant is expensive, I extend cold food treatment for another couple of days. I can't emphasize enough the importance of this: there's no cooker, no mugs, no pots, no plates, no cutlery, no fuel, no fuel container, no cleaning utensils, no bags for storing all this junk, no additional cooking water and no bags of raw, useless food. In addition, you don't waste your time in cooking, cleaning and searching for fuel and can concentrate on cycling instead. And there's a thing less to be broken. There are only two things I need from all these: a plastic tea spoon and a plastic toothpick (see the picture) - taken from the meal served on the plane. Both weigh about the resolution of my scale (2 g). I cary both in the back pocket of the cycling jersey - you never know when an opportunity for a good meal will come, so you better be prepared.

Carriers. Don't underestimate the weight of carriers or 'containers'. These things, i.e. panniers, bags, backpacks, etc., are larpourlartistic inventions for storing other, presumably valuable, things. They are nevertheless necessary (unless the number of things that you are carrying is less then 4), so choose them so that the ratio of content weight to container weight is as high as possible, but not less then 3,142 (also known as 'pi'). Carriers deserve a post of their own - see the post below.

Clothes (and shoes). Clothes as a colective item is one of the 7 big ones - in most cases the second big one, after the bike. So you should definitely take into good consideration what clothes you choose. Take a scale with you to the shop when you buy clothes. The people will laugh at you, for sure, but believe me - you will save a lot of money. The most expensive items are not always the best nor the lightest.
Never take two items for the same purpose, e.g. two cycling shorts. The only possible exception to this rule is a spare pair of socks. Layering or comlementing items is a good thing to consider. A combination of a windbreaker + light rain shell is usually lighter and warmer then a single all-purpose rain/wind jacket. Arm warmers complemented with short sleaved jersey make a good subsitute for short and long sleeved jerseys. When one item is in the wash, slip into a complemenatry item while you wait it to dry (e.g. underwear + long trousers or rain pants when you wash your shorts). Wash your clothes in the evening so they dry by the morning. A case of special need of consideration are the shoes. For reasons explained elsewhere, I find special cycling shoes one of the most bizzare choises for a touring cyclist, especialy the lightweight-one. There are much lighter and more suitable alternatives. An excelent choice, that I used so far with great success, are the shoes for in-door football. These or similar low-tech trainers or light summer shoes can weigh down to 600 g for a pair. I am not against the combination of sandals and waterproof socks either. Right now I am experimenting with the "crocs" (340 g a pair).
I generaly have two, complementary sets of clothing. Usualy I wear: hat or cycling cap, wind/rain jacket, cycling gloves, cycling jersey, cycling shorts, socks and shoes. The complementary set: fleece cap (a beanie), fleece top, underwear (usually bathing trunks), trousers and second pair of socks is in the bag and comes into use on extremely cold days or nights, when off the bike or when the first set is in the wash. Other than that there are some additional items for the rain: rain pants, overshoes and gloves. I carry these in the hood pouch of the rain jacket - after I cut off the hood. Often I take a second T-shirt - sorry to disappoint you, everybody makes compromises sometime.

I think a word of warning is in order here: beware, lightweight touring can be addictive! Which means that like a drug addict you may start spending more and more money on lighter and lighter equipment. I'm maybe not the right person to give advice, since I already went too far, but to avoid this I suggest to set yourself a goal, but also a limit. For example, your goal may be to lighten your luggage to 8 kg. Then I suggest to make your "virtual set-up". This means that you first make a list of all the items you need. Then search the net for the best, albeit the most expensive equipment that will be within your limit. When doing this virtual set-up make sure that the items in your list are both compatible (for ex. that your handlebar bag is big enough to store your camera) and that there is no redundancy. This is an iterative prosess. You'll have to go few time through it, if you want to optimize things in weight, in price and in suitability. At least that's what I would do if I started from scratch. And If I had patience. If you are certain that you won't go below the limit, you'll never be sorry even if you buy the most expensive stuff. If, on the other hand, you are most likely to improve your equipment permanently, then I guess the best way is to buy the cheapest stuff.

Carriers / Containers

2010-04-21T06:09:00.000-07:00

Panniers are by far the most common bicycle carrier. But, I don't use them, and if you are serious about weight saving, they are the first thing to abandon. By doing so you'll probably get rid of a heavy rack too. Here are some alternatives that I'd reccommend.

Backpacks. Based on the previous axiom (content to container weight), I'd chosen a backpack instead of panniers as my primary container (picture below). A backpack (stripped of unnecessary straps and belts), together with a bungee cord or two, is lighter than any pannier(s) of the same capacity. For example, my 40 l backpack was 1120 g, and is now 820 g after I cut off the waist belt and removed few other appendicies. For comparison, if you take 2 Ortlieb 'Back Roller' panniers, the capacity is the same, 40 l, the weight is almost twice as much, 1630 g (data taken from Ortlieb website).

Besides the weight argument, backpack is excelent for hiking and site-seeing and very appropriate when carrying your bike and stuff for larger distances (across river, mud, sand, stairs and other obstacles). The excelent thing about it is that it has no mounting system that can (and eventually will) break. It fits on any type of rack, never gets into the spokes, doesn't bounce while riding and has no issue of 'heel clearance'. It never gets wet in river fording, and even if the rack fails it isn't the end of cycling - you can still pedal to the next repair shop with your luggage on your back. One additional advantage, which, to be honest, I haven't fully proven, is the possibility to reduce the aerodynamic drag if you position your backpack lengthwise on the rack. Backpacks have so many advantages that one wonders why so few people use this setup. My answer is: they are effective only if they are reasonably small - which brings us back to weight and volume reduction. I use a 40 liter backpack with internal aluminum frame - it is important that a backpack is rigid and doesn't hang over the rack. Don't ever carry the backpack on your back while cycling.
P.s. Nowdays I don't use backpacks - I found much lighter alternatives. See stuff-sack setup below.

Waterproof bag. An even lighter alternative to the backpack is a waterproof stuff-sack/bag. My waterproof bag is almost one half of the weight of the backpack of the came capacity (40 l). The bag has additional advantage of waterproofness, but, alas, is not appropriate for hiking and, also, items inside are not as quickly accessible. Nevertheless, for a pure cycling trip, it's ideal in my opinion.

Stuff sack. Just when I thought I can't go any lighter, I discovered another option. On the South American tour I used a very light stuff sack (160 g) tied to rear rack together with a tent. Instead of foam sleeping mat I had a strip of bubble-wrap; this reduced volume significantly and beside that I could wrap all my things in bubble-wrap and put the bundle in the stuff sack, making it practically waterproof. It worked wonderfully and it's going to be the standard from now on. When I decide to replace the big SLR camera with a tiny digital one, I think I'll be able to get rid of the handlebar-bag too.

Front and rear. I use both front and rear containers. The original reason for this was the possibility to transfer weight between rear and front in case of damaged wheel. It is a kind of anachronism nowadays, when I don't have enough weight to cause the damage, but I still carry a handlebar bag mostly to store frequently used objects such as camera. It goes without saying that this bag fulfils the ratio condition mentioned above.

Underseat bag on handlebar. I addopted the above mentioned camera strategy on my trip to Indian Himalaya. The digital camera was small enough to fit in a middle-sized underseat bag, which I modified to be used as a handlebar bag. The combined effect of lighter camera, lighter bag and no spare film rolls resulted in the lightest set-up so far, which you can see on the picture below. I may have sacrified the quality of photograps a bit by using digital - be a judge yourself:
pictures from India.

Credit card touring. You can go far lighter then that if you never intend to camp. "Credit card touring" is not my preferance, but if you fancy it, as an illustration, see the pictures from my short 1-week tours in the Alps (first, second). Not having camping equipment reduces the bulk of things so much, that you suddenly enter the miraculous circle of weight reduction - you have so little that you don't need any kind of racks. All the things can be supported by bicycle frame. On those credit-card (i.e. no-camping) tours I carried camera, overshoes, towel and skin ointment in a small handlebar bag (a modified middle-sized underseat bag) and other items like spare clothes, spare glasses, tools, etc in a bag behing the seat.

Bivy bag. The set up for a credit car tour can be extended to include emergency camping in a bivy bag. I tested this approach on a 2-week winter tour in Jordan and Israel. The setup is pictured and explained on the following photo - below you will find also a kit list.

I carried bivy bag and silk sleeping liner in the second bottle cage. Spare clothes, tools and few other miscellaneous items perfectly fitted in the compression bag which was secured behind the seat with two straps. Camera and few other minorities, as usual, was in the small under-seat bag on the handlebar. The spare tube was taped to the head tube. Thus, there was no need for a rack. In all it was 4 kg less from my usual "camping" setup. This can be viewed as a middle ground between full tour with camping and credit-card touring. To be honest, the bivy bag didn't work very well in the Middle East's winter, even though I slept outside only twice in rather balmy weather near the Dead sea. The night temperatures (5 to 8 deg C) were too low. But, with the addition of light ground sheet (a bubble wrap for example), I think this approach would work well for summer tours (with night temperatures above 10 C) in regions with good roads and frequent accommodation possibilities or in counties where camping is not easy. There are quite some parts of the world that would fit in: SE Asia, India, parts of China, Europe, North America.

Rack or no rack. If you came this far in reducing your weight, you'll probably ask yourself the ultimate question: do I need a bicycle rack at all. There exists an aversion against racks, maybe even derision, among top ultralight cyclists. The alternative is to carry your luggage in underseat bag, handlebar and/or frame bags, which attach directly to the bike. But is this really a big step forward? With regard to weight, the frame bags are probably winners - altough just tightly. On the other hand, with a small, light rear rack without unnecessary struts weighing 400 grams including the mounting hardware (the rack in the photo is 414 g - it's listed as front rack, but I use it as rear rack), 30 L stuff sack (130 g) and a bungee cord (70 g) you've got yourself a versatile and simple carrying system of 600 grams, that will flawlessly carry most of your stuff including a tent, sleeping bag, sleeping pad and set of warm clothes. I don't believe any reasonably sized single frame bag is big enough for that, and any two bags will struggle to keep their weight withing the 600 grams. Also, a big frame bag will probably be more unstable (or will need much stronger (=heavier) attachments) then if it's bungeed to the rack. Then there is a question of elegance. You haven't gone this far reducing your luggage and sacrifying your comfort (so they say), just to end up with amorphous black blots covering your bike all over. If you don't believe my words, just look at the picture above, showing my bike on the Middle East tour. It doesn't have a rack, but is stained all over with bits of stuff strapped here and there. And, last but not least, it's so simple to bungee anything on the rack - a rain jacket for example when the weather is changable and you take if of and on all the time.

This is not to say I am against frame bags, or that I will not experiment in that direction, but for now, until the world cames up with something more elegant and inovative, I prefer the versatility of a small and light rear rack - at least for full-kit camping tours.

Other material tips

2010-04-20T06:50:00.000-07:00

Books. No books! Paper is extremely heavy with respect to its usefulness. Read your tourist guide before the trip and leave it at home. The only thing that I need from a guidebook on the trip are maps of towns. I photocopy these or tear them off the guide - there is no place for sentimentality here. On a long trip it is sometimes nice to have something to read. When this mood hits me, I stay a day or two in some hostel where they have books to lend.

Digital cameras. I'm not an expert in digital photography and am a classical fan myself, but from the volume/weight point of view I'd reccommend the use of digital cameras. Old style SLR film cameras are 3-6 times heavier than digital ones. The spare batteries/charger that you'll need for digital cameras are in the weight class of spare films for SLRs. You are looking at about 500 g of saving here, minimum, not to mention the volume.

On the picture to the left you'll see also an evolution of a baterry recharging cable, the leftmost one can be used on any kind of plugs.

P.S. I wrote this paragraph 3 years ago and now it is obsolete: nobody uses film cameras any more. However, you can read it as "compact versus DSLR" musing. With regard to weight and bulk DSLRs are a huge step backward from compact cameras. And to those of you why prefer the DSLRs because of their superior picture quality, I say: tell me that when you make your first poster print or publish an article in National Geographics.

Locks. My philosophy for securing the bike is to have it always in sight. On few occasions when it is not possible, I lock it with the small cable lock to a solid object - and hope for the best. I assume that any kind of lock can be broken, so you might as well have the smallest and lightest lock, just to prevent any passer-by taking your bike. As you can see on the picture I use now a small cable with combination lock (48 g). The cable is just thick enought that you can't break it with your teeth - unless you are a character from James Bond movies. This means that you'll need a tool to break the lock. But if you are determined to steal the bike to the point that you brought the tool, then you'll break any kind of lock.

Cycling jersey. Make a good use of cycling jersey's pockets. They are ideal carriers: light, aerodinamic, accessible on the fly. You can store 200 to 300 grams there - possibly everything you need while riding on an average day. Some additional stuff can be tucked under the leggings of cycling shorts.

Bicycle frame. Lot of stuff can be taped on various parts of the frame. I usualy tape less frequently used items to the frame: spare tubes, spare tyre, spare spokes, canisters with oil and sun screen, duckt tape, pump, light, lock. This reduces the stress on the racks a bit and more importantly reduces the volume of your stuff bags, so you may end up by using smaller stuff bags in the end.

Maps. Cut your maps and leave parts that are not on your itinerary. You can save up to 150 grams, an amazing amount for a single object. Again, no sentimentality here - train your relentlessness, you'll need it on a trip.

Digital maps / cue sheets. In my recent trips (India, Alps, Australia, ...) I experimented a bit with a "no-map" approach. What I did was to make notes of the towns, directions, distances and road numbers, all on a small card (10x6 cm) which I plastified and wore in the back pocket of the cycling jersey. It saved me a little weight (~50 g), but the main benefit was that I didn't need big handlebarbag to store the map. I also was not distracted by taking out, unfolding, looking at, folding and storing back the map, and that probably gave me advantage of a few kms per day. This approach really works for me and I don't think I'll be taking maps any more. But what really surprized me was the fact that I didn't use the card too much either - it looks like that one can comfortably cycle around the world without any kind of map or navigation tool, other than the knowledge of few town names. See "Digital Maps" for more detail. The plastified cue sheet can be used as a tool too - for example to scrap off the ice from the tent walls.

Water bottles. Cycling water bottles - what a waste. They weigh 70 to 100 grams and give you at most 0,75 l volume. Throw them away and use plastic bottles, 1L or 1,5L (weight less than 50 g). You may not need the second bottle cage (another 80 g saved) or, alternatively, cut the second plastic water bottle in half, and use it as a very light and waterproof container for assorted items.
Some of the 1L PVC bottles are particulary resistent to wear. One particular bottle is lasting me 3 tours now - so long that it became my pet.
Contrary to popular belief, you don't need special, long bottle cages for 1L or 1.5L bottles. Ordinary road-bicyles' alu or even carbon fiber cages are perfectly OK.

Camera film container. Use plastic boxes for camera film as a container for liquid or loose objects such as tooth paste, sun screen, detergent, chain oil, grease, bolts and nuts. The box weighs 5 grams, less than any original container. Besides, you don't need the whole tube of chain oil or tooth paste for one month, do you?

Dish washing cloth. Take dish washing cloth (chamois) instead of a towel. It's another ~50 grams saved. Wrap it around wet clothes and sqeeze to dry them. It is also usefull for wiping the condesation from the inside of your small tent in the morning and refreshing your face with it afterwards. We don't use big tents with vestibules and other luxuries here - a tent heavier than 1500 grams is out of the question!

Nylon stockings. Use women's nylon stockings (cut, of course) as arm or leg warmers and save on a long cycling trousers - an enormous weight and space saving. Don't let prejudice interfere with your principles. If there's not a trace of transvestite in you, wear them under regular trousers or rain pants. They are usefull as sun-screen for the arms and legs too: you can forget about that mix of sweat, sun-screen and dirt on your body, that you were so proud of during your "self-sufficient" stage.

Tools and spares. The amount of these depend on particular destination. The "core" tools are: pump, 2 tyre levers, 2, 4, 5 and 6 mm allen keys, spoke key, 2 razor blades, small flat screwdriver and 15 mm pedal spanner (cut in half). The "core" spares are patch kit, 1 spare tube, about 1 m of duckt tape and a little bottle (or a film canister) with a bit of chain oil. This core weighs about 300 grams (picture). I'd take only core tools and spares on a tour lasting up to a week or even more if I travel in an area with high density of good bike shops (e.g. Europe, North America). Additional tools and spares for any type of tour are: chain tool, a bit more of duck tape, few zip-ties, second spare tube and emergency spoke (170 grams). I take a hypercracker, 2 spare spokes and spare tyre when I expect very tough roads in very remote areas (220 grams).

So far this worked well for me. I don't take tools for major repairs such as hub, bottom bracket or derailleur repair, as my experience teaches me that I have marginal probablity of using them. The same goes for brake and gear cables and I even find spare brake shoes unnecessary, since they wear down so slowly (same 2 pairs for 16000 km now). If anything happens to my bike that I could fix if I had the tool, I am positive I'd be able to improvise and (slowly) cycle to the first bicycle/hardware repair store anywhere in the world to get it fixed.
I'd advise against using multitools: they are heavier then wisely selected separate tools, many of their parts are never used (or useless) or are awkward to use. If you can, modify the bolts and nuts on your bike so that you need as little different tools as possible. I'd also strongly advise to educate yourself as much as possible in bicycle repair. If you know how things work it's easier to improvise. The list of the tasks (in order of importance) that I had to deal with on tours is: adjusting handlebar and sadle position, replacing pedals, fixing a flat, cleaning and oiling the chain, adjusting derailers, adjusting brakes, truing the wheel, replacing a spoke on the drive side of the rear wheel, adjusting the headset, building the wheel from scratch with just a spoke key, making a tyre boot. In addition, you may find instructive if you tried: changing the cables, adjusting hubs, changing the bottom bracket. See the Sheldon Brown's site for the procedures. As a curiosity: I had to go to the repair shop (other then to borrow a tool) only once so far - and even then the problem did not happen during the ride: my bike fell off the speeding bus. Knock on wood!

Lightening the bike. Once you've cut down your gear to roughly 8 kg, it's time to start thinking about lightening your bike. Saving weight on components is quite expensive thing. If you buy completely new bike it's roughly 100 EUR per 100 grams less. It easy to remember: 1 gram less = 1 Euro. Buying components separately would mean even more. So, I suggest to change to lighter components when old ones wear down or are not adequate. Some hints: Get a lighter rear rack. Since you have little load, you don't need heavy duty racks. This is relatively cheap and could save you up to 200 g. If you don't use panniers (as I reccommend), you can saw off the unnecessary rack struts whose only function is to keep the pannier from hitting the spokes. Get a shorter seat post - or cut the old one. Narrower tyres. Folding kevlar beaded tyres instead of wire-beaded ones (up to 100 g less for 2). Replace quick-release skewers with allen-key ones, it may save you up to 100 g. Lighter front wheel: the original front wheel is usually the same as rear one, but is far less stressed. If you can, modify the bolts and nuts on your bike so that you need as little different tools as possible.
The big opportunity for weight saving comes when you decide to buy a new bike. There are essentially two approaches: either you decide to build your bike from the components you choose (custom made bike) or to buy off-the-peg bike. Custom made bikes will probably be optimal for the intended purpose, but also much more expensive. I am inclined toward the second option. My choice would probably be a light weight aluminuim road bike with compact double 50/34 crankset. You could get a bike like that, with 10 speed 12-28 cassette (lowest gear ratio 34/28=1,21) and Ultegra or 105 group, weighing 8 kg, for 1000 to 1300 Euros. The main thing to look for is that it has tire clearance for (at least) 28 mm tires. I'd change the cassete to include 30 or 32 biggest cog, so that the lowest gear ratio is 34/30=1,13 or 34/32=1,06, both of it being lower than my current 30/26=1,15. I'd run it with 8-speed chain, since it requires less maintenance. I'd also need adapters to fix the rear rack to the axle. If you are really crazy about weight saving, you might change the big ring with something like 48 or 46, remove the front derailleur and shifter cables and replace front shifter/brake combo with front brake. You will then use mostly the big ring, and shift to the small ring with your hand or foot only on steep hills. That's what the Cranes did when they rode across Tibet two decades ago.
Or you may buy a 6,5 kg CF bike with Dura Ace and ride with 22-622 tires. Anything is possible.

Little tricks. One of the side benefits out of the ultralight weight cycling is the fact that you start to think how the things work, or how to improve them. You will start experimenting, and apart from keeping your brain bussy, you'll most likely come up with some minor or major solutions that you'll be proud of. Here are a few minor tricks which I like, even though I won't get a Nobel prize for them.

And some non-material tips

2010-04-19T07:11:00.000-07:00

Improvisation. Take only the things that you need indispensably. Imagine an average day of cycling and go mentally through the daily procedures and the things needed. Don't concentrate on too many accidental events. If they happen - and these are low probability events by definition - count on improvisation and help or paid service from the local people.

Rain. Rain is a special subject which I will research in deeper detail in the years that will follow. So, unfortunately, I can't give you much useful advice now. Come back here in about a year's time and you'll hear the words of an old wise man. For now, based especially on my last trip through rainy North America, I only know that nothing that I tried so far, works well. I tried all sorts of jackets, pants, breathables and unbreathables, overshoes, even tyvec suit for nuclear power-plant workers, and I still haven't find the solution. Well, maybe one - and a very lightweight indeed: just grin and bear it. If I am doomed to be wet I might as well do it with less/lighter gear. Who knows, maybe the best way is to ride naked through the rain, having your dry clothes ready tucked away in your bag.

Washing. In everyday, non-cycling life I don't use much toiletries; water, soap and tooth paste do it for me. So it's easy for me to give up on them on a cycling tour. Beside that I like to cycle alone and I am free of any social restraints, including body odor. If people don't like the way you smell, whose problem is it anyway: yours or theirs? I do like to shower or wash at the end of the ride, but if there is no such possibility, it's no disaster: I know the sweat will dry out in an hour, leaving the dry, crisp layer of salt that I lick off and replenish the electrolytes that were lost. I used to carry liquid detergent and tooth paste in film boxes taped to the bicycle, but stopped doing so after I realized the pure water is enough to make me feel fresh and clean (even for shaving and brushing teeth). Sooner or later I come upon a camp or a hotel where they have some stronger chemical stuff for more radical treatment. I don't know what is my days-without-shower record, but it's certainly nothing special compared to some "self-sufficient" stories.
On the other hand, it pays off to wash your stuff. The dirt, sweat and dust collect in the tissue and make clothing up to 10% heavier. Or even more. My old bubble wrap sleeping pad (which I never washed) is almost twice heavier than the new pad of the same dimension (135g vs 72g). Of course, the same applies when you wash yourself. I'm still not sure why I feel good after a wash: because I am clean or because I am lighter?
The picture shows my toiletries+medical+sawing kit: thread with a needle, razor blades, a roll of white medical tape (wrapped around a piece of cork), a couple of aspirins wrapped in a piece of plaster (plaster not being necessay if you have the white medical tape), 3 vitamin pils (not necessary), two shaving razors and a tooth brush.

Cutting. Cut, cut, cut. The things produced nowadays - apart from those made for TdF racers - are redundantly designed. Cut your shirts, tear off buttons, straps, collars and not needed pockets. You will save few 100 grams, you will learn how the things work and will develope an eye for ridiculously redundant equipment. If you are creative enough, you may start making your own stuff. It is well known truth that the only equipment that fulfills all your requirements is the one you make - or at least modify - yourself.

Number of things. An equally important point to weight/volume is a number of things. The more things you have, the more time it takes to pack them and to find them - and there is more probability you'll loose them. The ideal would be not to take some things at all - I got rid of stoves and books in this way. There is a deffinite beauty and elegance in traveling in minimalistic style. Alternatively, use the same thing for multiple purposes as much as possible. Bubble wrap used as a sleeping pad as well as for water-proofing or cue sheet used also as a scrapping spade are good examples, but I can't really give you much more advice here - obviously this is a promising field that needs much more research.

Adding up. Little weight and volume savings add up. For example: on the australian tour I had the smallest and lightest pack so far, below 6000 grams, even though I had a helmet (280 g) which I usualy don't wear. About 700 grams lighter pack compared to the one on Indian trip came from little changes: lighter rain jacket, ommision of batery charger, lighter lock, only one spare tube, razor blade instead of a knife, cutting the pedal wrench in half, shorter socks, ommision of tooth paste, smaller medical & sewing kit, cutting the handles of a razor and toot bruch, less pages in a notebook, etc. Some modifications to the bike were made too: I cut part of the seatpost and removed the kick stand.

Mountains. Do you like riding in mountains? Have you wondered why is riding in mountains much slower then on flat ground? Well, it must be connected to weight somehow. See the miscellaneous bicycle wisdom page for an explanation.

Monitoring. Once on the road, monitor the frequency of the use of various objects. The ones you use infrequently are the candidates for omission on the next trip.

Circulus viciosus. Reducing the load and volume is an iterrative process that follows the "lightening circle". Always think of the mystical circle of light weight touring: less weight -> less volume -> less containers -> less weight -> less mechanical problems -> less spare parts and tools -> less weight -> ...

The ultralight Zen. At the end let me address the usual, fully loaded way of touring. My intention is not to convert anyone to either light- or loaded- or any other way of touring. This site is ment to provide some ideas for those who are willing to sacrifice some comfort for a lighter pack. There seems to be an oppinion that by doing so one sacrifies also one's 'freedom', 'independence' or 'self-sufficiency'. I don't share this view - let me end with a bit of Zen-touch: the true freedom is in having less.

Light Evolution

2010-04-18T05:58:00.000-07:00

Below you will find history of light evolution: what I changed during the course of last 8 years of cycle touring, mostly in persuing the reduction of load and volume. This might be more insightful then reading the above tips. It may save you some money too: learn from my mistakes and don't repeat my evolution by bying several bikes, sleeping bags, tents, etc.

This was the setup in the summer of 2002 in Mongolia and China. Steel road bike with big 630 wheels, front and rear racks, two front panniers, two bottle cages with 0,75 l cycling bottles, 2 kg tent bungeed atop the front rack, 40 l backpack and 5 mm foam sleeping pad on the rear rack and big handlebar bag (which is not on the photo). I wasn't weighing my stuff yet at that time, but the setup was already light in comparison with most of the cyclists.

In the winter 2002/3 I rode in Mexico. I had lighter road bike, this time with the usual 622 wheels. I got rid of the front panniers, but still kept the front rack to bungee the (same) tent on it. The setup at the rear is unchanged. The handlebar bag is still the same.

In the winter 2003/4 I rode from Phnom Penh to Kuala Lumpur. I bought a new lighter steel road bike for this occasion. I wasn't camping on this tour, so I had no tent and sleeping bag. I removed the front rack. The setup at the rear and the handlebar bag are unchanged. I still wasn't weighing my stuff.

Summer 2004: 1 month in Kyrgyzstan & China. The bike is the same as the trip before. The setup is also the same with the exception that I had a tent and sleeping bag (in the backpack on the rear rack). I also included an underseat bag (yellow one) for carrying tools. This trip marks the beginning of light weight awareness (and maybe folly?). I started weighing everything, trying to find better (=lighter) solutions. At the end I managed to get the weight of all my stuff down to 9.8 kg, or 21.8 kg including the bike. At that time cycling community considered this as extremely light.

I cut the waist belt of the backpack and removed several straps, leaving only shoulder straps so that I can use the backpack for hiking. It lightend the backpack for about 300 g.
The plastic cycling water bottles (0,5 and 0,7 l) were replaced by ordinary 1 litre PVC bottles. You save 40 grams per bottle.
I bought new 1-person single walled tent weighing 1365 grams. That was 500 grams less then the old tent.
I stopped taking tourist guides on tours. At least 300 g saved.
I cut the map and took only the part where I planned on cycling. Big saving in volume and about 50 grams in weight.
I bought smaller and lighter SLR film camera with 28-300 mm lens. 80 grams less, or 600 grams less if I count also the old telephoto lens, which I normally took.
I started using dish washing cloth instead of towel. About 50 g saved - and huge amount of space.
I bought very light foam sleeping pad. It was as big as old one, but weighed 155 g which was 150 g less than the old one.
I bought a small, 25 g flashlight. That's about 80 grams less than the old one.
I used sandals instead of shoes - about 150 g saved.
I had a pen water filter - the first time (30 g with the container).

Tour in China (Xinjiang, Tibet) in summer 2005. I made several changes. This was very demanding

tour because of altitute, low temperatures and rough terrain, but I still managed to cut down the stuff by 130 g (to 9.7 kg) - mostly because I used a waterproof bag instead of the backpack. Overall weight including the bike was bigger: 22.5 kg, because of heavier bike.

Replacement of the backpack with a waterproof bag. The bag was 445 grams, which was almost 400 grams less than the backpack.
New down sleeping bag. At 1190 g it was heavier then the old one by 210 g, but was rated at -5 C (old one at +5 C). It packed a little smaller.
No silk sleeping liner: 210 g less. It was not necessary with the warmer sleeping bag.
I used only one bungee cord instead of two: 80 g less.
Only one underwear - 30 g less.
Smaller mulitool: 50 grams less.
I had no maps - not even cut-outs, just a paper with riding directions.
I gave up on "monocular" - a part of small binoculars for birdwatching. 80 g less.
I left the container for pen water filter: 10 g less (+volume).
I had about 50 grams more of warm clothes and 300 g heavier shoes.
I lost the bike and practically all the stuff in Tibet, so I could start building up my gear from the scratch.

There were some radical changes for a winter tour 2005/2006 in South America. The overall stuff weight was cut down by 950 grams, counting the bike even by 3350 g from the previous trip to China and 2685 grams less from the lightest setup so far (in 2004). Stuff weight 8.7 kg, with the bike 19.1 kg.

I bought new, 2 kg lighter bike.
Stuff bag (160 g) instead of waterproof bag (445 g) - saved 285 g.
Bubble wrap as sleeping pad and waterproofing material for the stuff bag. Not much saved in weight (30 g), but an enormous change in volume and the whole lightweight philosophy.
Lighter gloves: I had only plastic kitchen gloves. 60 g less. This was not a good idea - I suffered from ulnar nerve inflamation.
No woolen cap and neckechief.
No pen water filter.
Only one pair of spare socks, 30 g less.
Much lighter top clothes than in China - it was summer in S. America. Around 220 g less.
I also had some stuff which was heavier: camera (80 g), overshoes (70 g, new addition), tent (530 g more! - I used the old tent from before 2004).

The trip to Indian Himalaya was the peak in the evolution and it set a standard for my ultralight setup. I dropped the weight of the stuff by 1770 g, down to 6970 g (or 17.5 kg with the bike).

Compact (ultrazoom) digital camera instead of SLR film camera. The camera itself with charger and spare battery meant 390 g less.
No spare film rolls: 125 g less for 6 rolls.
Underseat bag used as a handlebar bag: 420 grams less. Since I had small camera and no spare films, I didn't need the big handlebar bag.
Lighter, single skin tent, only 950 grams. Saving of about 900 g from the previous tent and 450 g from the lightest tent I ever had.
I trimmed down the tent for additional 45 grams (removed inner pocket and straps from its bag).
No soap. I relied on the soap in hotels.
I cut the handle of the plastic disponsible razor. Not a big weight, but quite some space saving. Besides, you really need only a small handle for a razor - unlike the tooth brush.
I cut down the medical/sewing kit by 30 g.
Also the amount of plastic wrapping bags was smaller for 40 g.
I bought new light shoes: shoes for in-door football (soccer). At 660 g they were just 25 g heavier than sandals, but infinitely more comfortable and warm, both for cycling as well as walking.
I had some heavier/bulkier stuff: warm gloves (+140 g), fleece top (+70 g), tool kit (+55 - chain tool), cycling gloves (+45 g).
With all these savings I could indulge in a bit of luxury: I mounted a kick-stand (200 g) for the bike.

The trip to Australia was done with similar setup. I dropped the weight of stuff down to around 6200 g, mostly because I expected much warmer weather then in Indian Himalaya.

I used very ligh rain jacket (140 g) instead of my standard 500 g jacket.
Fleece top replaced with lighter one, saving 90 g.
I removed kick-stand. It does provide some luxury by not having to lay down and lift up the bike, however it doesn't provide a stable support (a few times the bike toppled down), so I will not use it again. 200 g less.
I cut the pedal spanner in two - 50 g saved. You don't need a big handle for the pedal spanner: just find a stone and hit the short handle a few times to unscrew the pedals.
I cut 8 cm of seat post, saved about 50 g.
Ligther lock: I bought a tiny combination lock which weighs only 48 grams. 130 g saved. The philosophy is that any lock could be broken by a dedicated thief, so take the lock that just ensures your bike can't be ridden away by occasional passer-by.
No camera battery charger. I estimated that one spare battery will be enough for 1 month trip - and I was right.
Only one spare tube. I relied on availability of those in Australia.
No tooth paste. I brushed the teeth just with water.
Instead of a knife I used razor blades. Quite a volume saving and about 40 g less.
Less pages in a notebook - minus 10 g.
Shorter and lighter wicking cycling socks: 30 g less.
I did use a helmet this time (280 g more).

The trip to Central Asia (Tadjikistan, Kyrgyzistan, China, Pakistan, India) was done with practically the same setup as from 2006. There were little changes, resulting in about 300-400 g less: stuff 6.7 kg, with the bike 17.1 kg.

I bought new down sleeping bag - smaller and almost 100 g lighter, with the same rating (-1 C comfort) as the old one.
I cut off the inner mesh lining form my rain jacket. The weight dropped from 500 g to 370 g. I am still undecided whether this was a good idea or not.
New strip of bubble wrap. The new one was 60 g lighter. I don't know if this comes from different construction or from the dust that collected on the old one.
A hat replaced with a cycling cap: 30 g instead of 90 g. The cap is also an excellent tool for killing flies and mosquitos (a hat would be too heavy for that).
Lighter rain pants - 30 g less, but worse quality. I will go back to heavier ones.
Heavier stuff: there was a spare tyre (300 g) this time.

In the January 2009 I was in the Middle East. This was a rather radical experiment regarding the ultraligh cycle touring. I tested how it would be to tour with just the bivy bag, carrying all the stuff on the bike, without the racks or backpacks. With 3.9 kg of stuff and 13.7 kg including the bike, it meant about 3.7 kg less from my usual "fully loaded" setup as in 2008.

Tent, the sleeping bag and bubble wrap were replaced with a bivy bag and a silk liner. I saved 1.5 kg there. The bivy was carried in the bottle cage holder.
I kept most of my stuff in the compression bag behind the seat. I saved 100 g because of lighter bag and another 40 g by using nylon straps instead of bungee cords.
There was no need for a rear rack. 570 g saved.
The rain jacket was replaced with two items: a windstopper and a light rain shell, both of them together were almost 100 g lighter then the old jacket.
There were a lot of small things that I left out: water filter, sun screen, neckerchief, lighter, battery charger, one spare tube, spare spokes, chain tool, hypercracker, one water bottle. All of this meant about 500 g less.

In the summer of 2009 I rode from Vancouver to New York City. It was a full-kit camping tour with the least weight so far; I managed to cut down my touring weight by almost a kilo. I had 5.8 kg of stuff and 16.0 kg including the bike.

Smaller and lighter rear rack. It's 450 g or 120 g less then the old one. Besides that it attaches to the brake bridge screw and enables me to adjust the brakes without the need to remove the rack.
Lighter road tyres 25x622. Almost 300 g lighter then the 32x622 Schwalbe Marathons.
Only one tube - 100 g less. No spare spokes. No spare tyre.
I bought the lightest pump there is: 25 g, means almost 50 g less. It's also a bit smaller.
Only one bottle cage and one water bottle: 110 g saved.
I bought a new summer down sleeping bag. With 600 g for a bag with light compressioin bag it was 350 g lighter than my 3-season sleeping bag.
I had new lighgter shoes, 60 g less.
A few things left out: beanie, battery charger, card reader, altimeter, hypercracker. Smaller first-aid kit. In all about 150 g less.
The clothes were different from the last year's tour, but the overall weigth was practicaly the same. Rain gear and cycling shorts were lighter, but the merino cycling jersey and arm warmers were heavier.
I did have some new additions. Rear view mirror. I took a 170 g tyvec protective suit (meant as rain gear). Cell phone (70 g) and "monocular" for watching birds (80 g) didn't work at all and were never used. I threw monocular away on the 3rd day.

In august/september of 2010 I cycled in Africa. It was a mini "Africa's coast-to-coast", through Namibia, Botswana, South Africa and Lesotho. To start with, I took stuff from the 2009 trip in Canada and then reduced it for about a kilo: 4.9 kg of stuff and 15.3 kg including the bike.

After having illusions for 20 years about me becoming the National Geographic's featured photographer I finaly realized that it is not going to happen. So I bought a very popular "travelling ultrazoom compact" and I am quite happy with it. It weighs 220 g and saves me 150 g, counting in the charger as well.
I used "crocs" as my only footware. They are incredibly light (320 grams a pair), comfortable, have excellent pedal grip, can be used for fording rivers or as bathroom slippers, and they dry in a minute. Complemented with some kind of waterproof/windproof socks, they may be the ultimate cycle-touring footware. Saving 340 grams!!!
The things left out: rain shell, rain pants, fleece gloves, overshoes, tyvec suit, "monocular", mosquito net, spare socks.I didn't expect much rain this time, so my windbreaker jacket (160 g) should suffice. It ment 660 g less.
Carbon fiber bottle cages: two of them have the weight of one aluminium cage - 60 g less. They worked perfectly with 1 l and 1.25 l PVC bottles, even on rough gravel roads.
I replaced quick release skewers with skewers with allen-key titanium bolt. A small change which resulted in 120 g saving!
Additions: second bottle cage and water bottle, heavier front tyre, beanie, a small tripod for the camera, headtorch: 330 g more.
I could have been even lighter. For example, I had a merino jersey, that performet great (being warmer and quicker drying then synthetics), but was heavier: 240 g in comparison with 160 g synthetic jersey. Also, I didn't cut off the struts from the rear rack, as I planned originaly. That would save about 80 g, but in the end I just didn't bother with it. I'll probably do that on the next trip. You see, that's how over-engineered the things become when you have a small load to carry. Some things were unnecessary, such as tripod, maybe even a headtorch.

In july/august 2011 I cycled in France. It was a mix of two tasks: climbing over 100 French cols and completing Paris-Brest-Paris randonnée. It was also the weight record breaking tour, which is not surprising since I didn't take full camping gear. I had 3 kg of stuff and 11.9 kg including the bike.

I took the road bike with compact double crankset, which I usually use for training at home. I managed to lower its weight from 9.2 kg to less then 8.9 kg by easy and relatively cheap modifications: folding tires instead of wired tires (-100 g), super light tubes at 53 g (-90 g), and titanium bolt skewers instead of QR skewers (-120g).
I didn't have the tent, sleeping bag and pad (-1500g), but I took bivy bag (+280 g) for emergency (and money saving) camping. There were no racks either (-450g).
Clothing was a bit different this time. I had: cycling cap, gloves, socks, shorts and jersey, arm and leg warmers and windproof & water resistant jacket. Apart from that only bathing trunks and touring shorts (instead of long trousers). Saving about 200 g on clothing.
Participation in PBP required some more stuff that I'd usually not take: front and rear lights with batteries, reflective vest. About 370 g more.

brandNEW

In december 2011 I was in Tenerife for one cycling week. I made five daily excursions on rented road bicycle. When cycling I had about 1.5 kg of gear - which I think would be my absolute minimum for a credit card summer tour (the setup would be without the seat bag in the picture, which was there only the first day) .

Just one tip from this tour: I didn't want to carry a wind/rain jacket in a jersey pocket, so I wrapped it in a plastic bag and carried it in the second bottle cage.

Packing list

2010-04-01T06:01:00.000-07:00

Here is the list of things that I would take on a long journey - posibly even a RTW trip. The list is based on what I had on 1-month journey through Central Asia (Tadjikistan, Kyrgizistan, China, Pakistan and India) in 2008.

ITEM                            WEIGHT POSITION
                                [grams]
BICYCLE                         10166
Bicycle alone.                   9600  bike
2 bottle cages with bolts.         53  bike
Rear rack with bolts.             362  bike
Computer with holder,
magnet and reciever.               35  bike
Altimeter.                         32  jersey
Lock.                              48  bike
Mirror.                            36  bike
                                
CARRIERS                          488
Underseat bag used as
handlebar bag.                     90  bike
Main stuff sack (30 L).           156  rear rack
Stuff sack for tools.              10  tent
Stuff sack for medical kit,
spare glasses, etc.                10  stuff sack
Bungee cord for the main
stuff sack.                        70  rear rack
Spare nylon belt.                   6  tent
Spare velcro straps.                6  stuff sack
Plastic bags.                      50  stuff sack
1 l and 1.5 l plastic bottles.     90  bottle cage
                                
TOOLS AND SPARES                  788
Flat screwdriver                   30  tool sack
Spoke key, allen keys              42  tool sack
Razor blades
(instead of a knife)                2  tool sack
Pump                               22  tool sack
Patch kit                          20  tool sack
15 mm pedal wrench
(cut in half)                      50  tool sack
8 mm, 10 mm wrench                 20  tool sack
2 tyre levers                      10  tool sack
Hypercracker                       24  tool sack
Chain tool                         40  tool sack
Bolts and nuts                      6  tool sack
Oil                                10  bike
Duct tape                          10  seatpost
3 spare spokes                     10  rear rack
2 spare tubes                     196  bike
Spare tyre                        296  rear rack
                                 
CAMPING                          1950
Tent.                             888  rear rack
Sleeping bag with
compression bag.                  972  stuff sack
Strip of bubble wrap
(sleeping pad).                    72  stuff sack
Mini flash light
(= bike taillight).                18  stuff sack

FOOD AND WATER                   2700
Water in two plastic bottles.    2500  bike
Emergency food.                   200  stuff sack
                                 
CLOTHES                          2128
Cycling cap.                       34  myself
Glasses.                           20  myself
Cycling jersey.                   160  myself
Arm warmers.                       60  myself
Cycling shorts.                   160  myself
Cycling gloves                     28  myself
Socks.                             20  myself
Shoes (crocs).                    300  myself
Wind jacket.                      166  rear rack
Rain shell jacket.                120  rear rack
Polar fleece jacket.              248  stuff sack
Long trousers.                    300  stuff sack
Rain pants.                       112  rain jacket
Underwear.                         32  stuff sack
Rain shell gloves.                 10  rain jacket
2 pars of light
fleece gloves.                     66  rain jacket
2 pair spare socks
(light + waterproof).             120  stuff sack
Nylon stockings
as leg/arm warmers.                16  jersey 
Beanie.                            34  stuff sack
Spare T-shirt.                    122  stuff sack
                                
PHOTOGRAPHY                       316
Digital camera and battery.       228  handlebarbag
Battery charger and cable.         74  stuff sack
Card reader.                       10  stuff sack.
Bubble-wrap protection.             4  handlebarbag
                                 
PAPERWORK                         118
Passport, air tickets.             70  myself
Notebook, calendar, pencil.        38  jersey 
Photocopies of town maps
and distance card.                 10  jersey 
                 
MISCELANEOUS                      206
Tooth brush.                        6  handlebarbag
Skin cream.                        30  handlebarbag
2 dispensable razors.              12  handlebarbag
Dish washing cloth
used as a towel.                   10  handlebarbag
Lighter.                           10  jersey 
Pen water filter.                  20  stuff sack
Spare glasses in soft case.        40  stuff sack
Medical & sewing kit.              78  stuff sack                               
---------------------------------------------
TOTAL:                                  18860 g
TOTAL without bicycle, water and food:   5992 g

Top of Akbaytal pass (4655 m), Tadjikistan.